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Can I use the National Library of Russia's materials for research purposes? A6: Absolutely! The National Library of Russia welcomes researchers and scholars to utilize its resources for academic purposes. Whether it's writing a thesis, conducting academic research, or enhancing your knowledge on a particular subject, the library's diverse collection is at your disposal.
How does the National Library of Russia contribute to cultural heritage preservation? A10: The National Library of Russia plays a vital role in preserving and promoting cultural heritage. By collecting, conserving, and making accessible a vast range of materials, it ensures that valuable cultural, historical, and intellectual assets are safeguarded for future generations. Through collaborations and exchange programs, it also actively contributes to the preservation of international cultural heritage.
What is nlr.ru? A1: NLR.ru stands for the National Library of Russia, and it serves as the country's oldest and largest library. With its extensive collection and rich history, it is an invaluable source of knowledge and cultural heritage. Located in St. Petersburg, it houses millions of books, manuscripts, periodicals, maps, and other materials.
What kind of materials does nlr.ru hold? A3: The National Library of Russia holds a wide range of materials, including books, periodicals, newspapers, manuscripts, maps, photographs, audio and video recordings, and even electronic publications. Its collection spans numerous subjects and languages, representing not only Russian culture but also global knowledge.
Can I donate materials to the National Library of Russia? A9: The National Library of Russia indeed accepts donations if they align with its collection development policy. However, the library carefully evaluates the suitability and value of each proposed donation based on its research and acquisition goals.
Can I borrow books from the National Library of Russia? A4: No, the National Library of Russia does not offer borrowing services to the general public. Its materials are primarily for on-site use. However, researchers, scholars, and visitors with specific requirements can access and study the materials within the library's premises.
What preservation efforts does nlr.ru undertake to maintain its collections? A8: The National Library of Russia employs a dedicated team of preservation specialists who undertake various measures to ensure the longevity of its collections. These efforts include careful handling and storage, digitization of fragile materials, restoration of damaged items, and implementing climate control systems to maintain optimal conditions.
Does nlr.ru offer any educational programs or events? A7: Yes, the National Library of Russia regularly organizes various educational programs, exhibitions, lectures, and conferences. These events allow attendees to learn about and engage with different aspects of literature, history, and culture. Details of upcoming events can be found on the library's website.
How can I search for specific items in the library's collection? A5: The National Library of Russia provides an online catalog called "Electronic Library System" (ELS), accessible through its website. This comprehensive catalog allows users to search for specific items in the library's collection, providing details about availability, location, and other relevant information.
How can I access the National Library of Russia's collection? A2: The National Library of Russia offers various ways to access its collection. On-site readers have access to its extensive physical collection, including rare and valuable materials. For those unable to visit in person, the library provides digitized resources on its website, allowing users to access a vast array of texts, images, and audiovisual materials.
Popular Questions
What are the reasons for high NLR? NLR is influenced by many conditions including age, rice, medication, chronic disease like coronary heart disease, stroke, diabetes, obesity, psychiatric diagnosis, cancer of solid organs, anemia and stress. A normal range of NLR is between 1-2, the values higher than 3.0 and below 0.7 in adults are pathological.
What does a high NLR mean? Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is an easy measurable laboratory marker used to evaluate systemic inflammation. Elevated NLR is associated with poor survival and increased morbidity in cancer and cardiovascular disease.
Does high NLR mean cancer? Patients with cancer and an NLR above the defined cutoff have consistently been found to have worse outcomes than patients with a lower NLR across cancer types. In melanoma, elevated NLR is associated with poorer prognosis in both localized and metastatic disease.
What does neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio indicate? The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in peripheral blood reflects the balance between systemic inflammation and immunity and is emerging as a prognostic biomarker in many diseases, but its predictive role for mortality in the general population has not been investigated.
Can stress cause high NLR? Any cause of physiologic stress may increase the NLR (e.g. hypovolemic shock). NLR increases rapidly following acute physiologic stress (<6 hours). This prompt response time may make NLR a better reflection of acute stress than labs which are more sluggish to respond (e.g. white blood cell count or bandemia).
What is NLR in cancer? The Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) is a peripheral marker of inflammation extensively studied in breast cancer as a potential predictor of response to chemotherapy and long-term outcome.
Why is NLR important? NLR has a well-known prognostic value and independently correlates with mortality in the general population and in several specific subsets of disease (sepsis, pneumonia, COVID-19, cancer, etc.).
When should I be worried about low lymphocytes and high neutrophils? High neutrophils and low lymphocytes together represent an elevated NLR ratio. The elevation can be caused by many different conditions and may be an indicator of a severe infection, an inflammatory disorder, or cancer. High levels of neutrophils may indicate a severe infection or stress on the body.
What is a healthy NLR ratio? A normal NLR is roughly 1-3. An NLR of 6-9 suggests mild stress (e.g. a patient with uncomplicated appendicitis). Critically ill patients will often have an NLR of ~9 or higher (occasionally reaching values close to 100).